Author: April Kingsman

snout: the nose and mouth of some animals, including the pig. Proper management of livestock snout health ensures overall animal well-being and productivity.

starter: a culture of bacteria, used to inoculate animals or to start growth in milk used in cheese production. Using starters effectively supports dairy production and cheese quality, enhancing farm income and market value.

Microscopic organisms that live in the soil and play a key role in nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition, and soil health. Soil bacteria help improve soil fertility and support plant growth. For example, encouraging beneficial soil bacteria through organic farming practices to enhance soil health and crop productivity.

ectoparasite disease: A disease caused by lice and other insects, usually characterized by intense irritation. Farmers need to manage ectoparasite diseases to ensure the health and welfare of their livestock.

A sheet of wax or plastic used in beekeeping to provide a base for bees to build their comb. This helps guide the bees and ensures straight, uniform comb construction. For instance, placing a foundation in a beehive frame to encourage bees to build honeycomb.

disperse: To spread something over an area. Dispersing seeds, fertilizer, or pesticides properly is important for achieving uniform application and optimal results. Farmers should use appropriate equipment and techniques for effective dispersal. Understanding the benefits and applications of dispersal will aid in effective crop and soil management.

Cold Treatment: Cold treatment noun the use of freezing to disinfest storage containers. Applying cold treatment protects stored produce from pests and diseases.

dressing: The process of treating seeds before sowing to control disease. Seed dressing helps protect seedlings from pathogens and pests, improving germination and early growth.

incompatible: Unable to cross-fertilize and produce offspring. Helps farmers understand breeding limitations and compatibility.

garlic: A plant (Allium sativum) with a strong-smelling pungent root used as a flavoring in cooking. The bulb consists of a series of wedge-shaped cloves, surrounded by a white fibrous skin. Growing garlic can diversify farm products and provide additional income through sales of fresh garlic and value-added products.