Author: April Kingsman

encephalopathy: BSE. Managing encephalopathy is crucial for farmers to prevent the spread of diseases and maintain animal health.

Highlands and Islands Enterprise: A business and community development association for the Scottish Highlands. Abbr HIE. Engaging with HIE can provide farmers with support for business and community development in the Scottish Highlands.

The standards and practices that ensure the humane treatment and well-being of animals in food production, including housing, feeding, and handling. For example, developing food product animal welfare policies to meet ethical standards and consumer expectations.

Canning Factory: A factory where food is canned. Operating or utilizing canning factories helps farmers preserve and market their produce, reducing waste and increasing profitability.

blind end: The end of a furrow. Proper plowing techniques help avoid creating blind ends and ensure efficient field preparation.

dumping: The disposal of waste or the sale of agricultural products at a price below the true cost to get rid of excess produce cheaply, usually in an overseas market. Farmers should be aware of regulations and market conditions to avoid the negative impacts of dumping.

heavy grains: Cereal crops such as maize, rye and wheat. Abbr HG. Growing heavy grains can provide valuable food and feed resources for farmers.

dewlap: A fold of loose skin hanging from the throat of cattle. Dewlaps can be an indicator of breed characteristics and health status. Farmers should monitor the health and hygiene of dewlaps to prevent infections and ensure animal welfare. Proper care and management practices will contribute to the overall health and productivity of livestock.

The use of advanced technologies, such as GPS, drones, and sensors, to optimize agricultural practices and improve efficiency. For example, adopting precision agriculture technologies to enhance crop management and reduce resource use.

A heifer selected to replace an older cow in the milking herd. Replacement heifers are chosen based on their genetic potential and health. For example, raising replacement heifers to maintain herd productivity and improve milk production.