Author: April Kingsman

colostrum: The first milk produced by a mammal after giving birth, rich in antibodies. Feeding colostrum to newborns is vital for their immune system development and overall health.

best-before date: A date stamped on foodstuffs indicating the last date when the food is guaranteed to be in good condition. Farmers should monitor best-before dates to ensure product quality and compliance.

domesticated: Referring to a wild animal that has been trained to live near a house and not be frightened of human beings or a species that was formerly wild but has been selectively bred to fill human needs. Domesticated animals and plants are vital to agricultural productivity and sustainability.

spike: a tall pointed flower head (inflorescence) in which small flowers without stalks grow from a central flower stem; a pointed end of a pole or piece of metal. Understanding the structure of spikes helps farmers manage plant growth and optimize yields.

suckle: to feed with milk from the udder. Properly managing suckling ensures optimal nutrition and health for young livestock, supporting productivity and well-being.

established: Living or growing successfully. Established crops and livestock ensure stable and productive farm operations.

Different types of cattle, each with distinct characteristics and uses. Common cattle breeds include Angus, Hereford, and Holstein. For example, selecting cattle breeds based on production goals, such as meat or milk production.

Chill: To preserve by cooling to a temperature just above freezing. Using chilling techniques helps farmers and processors extend the shelf life of perishable products, reducing waste and ensuring food safety.

soft rot: a bacterium, Erwinia carotovora, which affects stored potatoes and carrots. The cell walls dissolve causing the vegetables to become mushy, slimy, and foul-smelling. Managing soft rot ensures healthy storage of root crops, preventing losses and maintaining quality.

taint: To give an unpleasant taste to food. Avoiding taint in food products is crucial for maintaining market quality and consumer satisfaction.