Author: April Kingsman

substandard: not up to standard quality. Properly managing substandard crops and livestock ensures high-quality production, supporting farm profitability and market value.

The process of choosing and ensuring high-quality seeds for planting, based on traits such as germination rate, purity, and disease resistance. For example, selecting high-quality seeds to ensure successful crop establishment and yield.

Cayuga: A breed of duck producing dark green eggs with shiny green-black plumage. Raising Cayuga ducks offers unique produce for niche markets, contributing to farm income.

electric fence: Thin wires supported by posts, the wires being able to carry an electric current. This type of fence is easily moved around the farm, and makes strip grazing on limited areas possible. Electric fences help farmers manage grazing and protect crops from livestock.

Leghorn: Leghorn is an excellent laying breed of hen. It is a hardy bird, colored black, brown, and white. Leghorns produce good-sized white eggs. Raising Leghorn chickens can enhance egg production efficiency and farm profitability.

saline soil: Soil that contains high levels of soluble salts. Managing saline soil is important for preventing crop damage and maintaining soil health.

The characteristics of dairy products, including composition, flavor, and safety. Dairy quality is essential for consumer satisfaction and dairy product processing. For example, monitoring dairy quality through regular testing and adhering to hygiene standards.

North Country Cheviot: a large-sized breed of sheep with fine good-quality wool. This variety of the Cheviot is found in Caithness and Sutherland. The North Country Cheviot breed is known for its hardiness and high-quality wool, making it an excellent choice for farmers in challenging climates. Farmers can benefit from raising this breed to produce valuable wool and resilient lambs. Understanding the breed’s specific care requirements and market potential helps optimize production and enhance farm profitability.

CPRE: CPRE noun a UK charity that campaigns for rural areas to be protected. Full form Campaign to Protect Rural England. Engaging with CPRE supports rural conservation and sustainable land use practices.

The system in cattle responsible for producing and regulating hormones, including glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands. For instance, studying the cattle endocrine system to manage reproductive health and growth.